Sorry for the delay in Thanking you for your assistance. I think I have figured out how to get the numbers I need.
The countif function gives me the number of time each exam was performed, not necessarily the number of patients that had both exams in the same visit.
I probably did not explain myself very well and my spreadsheet example was messed up as well.
Below is another example with what I have come up with. (As a note, this is not real data therefore no PHI has been compromised
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		Code:
	
	
		Pt	Exam D/T	Exam	     # f/u 	D/T initial	D/T f/u 	Initial
ID	-	          -  	      exams	exam	        exam	        to f/u
1	10/10/08 15:02	AbdPelvis WO	0	10/10/08 15:02	 	        n/a
2	10/10/08 14:15	AbdPelvis WO	0	10/10/08 14:15	 	        n/a
3	10/10/08 18:21	AbdPelvis WO	0	10/10/08 18:21	 	        n/a
4	10/10/08 18:36	AbdPelvis WO	5	10/10/08 18:36	10/21/08 19:12	264:35
4	10/10/08 18:36	Chest WO 	4 	 	 	                n/a
4	10/10/08 18:36	Head WO	        3 	 	 	                n/a
4	10/16/08 12:45	Head WO	        2 	 	 	                n/a
4	10/21/08 19:11	Chest With	1	 	 	                n/a
4	10/21/08 19:12	AbdPelvis With	0	 	 	                n/a
	 
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Initial exam is AbdPelvis WO, Follow-up Exam is AbdPelvis With
As you can see only 1 patient had an AbdPelvis With following an AbdPelvis WO
You can also see that the number of patients with a f/u exam w/i 12 hours is zero.
To simplify my formulas below, I have replaced the cells referencing the exams by the name of the exams.
Column E returns the D/T of the Initial Exam if it matches the criteria
Formula: =IF(COUNTIF($C2,"AbdPelvis WO")=1,$B2,"")
Column F returns the D/T of the Follow-up Exam if it matches the criteria
Formula:IF($C5="AbdPelvis WO",IF($D5<>0,IF(ISERROR(MATCH("AbdPelvis With",$C5:OFFSET($C5,1,0,$D5,1),0)),"",INDEX($B5:OFFSET($B5,1,0,$D5,1),MATCH("AbdPelvis With",$C5:OFFSET($C5,1,0,$D5,1),0))),""),"")
Column G simply subtracts column F from Column E.
I can use other COUNTIF formulas to give me totals of each column
I have little doubt that there is an easier & faster way to get the same results. Any thoughts are appreciated.
I hope this makes sense. 
Thanks again for your help.